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Giới thiệu nội dung

Thiamin Diphosphate in Biological Chemistry: New Aspects of Thiamin Metabolism, Especially Triphosphate Derivatives Acting Other Than as Cofactors

Tác giả: Lucien Bettendorff and Pierre Wins

Lĩnh vực: GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Belgium

Nội dung tài liệu:

This review delves into the intricate world of thiamin (vitamin B1) metabolism, moving beyond its well-established role as a cofactor. While thiamin diphosphate (ThDP) is recognized for its crucial function in enzymatic catalysis, the document highlights the existence and potential roles of other thiamin derivatives, namely thiamin monophosphate (ThMP), thiamin triphosphate (ThTP), and adenosine thiamin triphosphate (AThTP). Research indicates that ThTP might possess a more fundamental metabolic function than previously thought, potentially acting as a signaling molecule in bacteria during amino acid starvation. In animal cells, ThTP’s ability to phosphorylate proteins suggests a role in physiological signaling, though this remains to be fully elucidated. The discovery of AThTP in E. coli, accumulating during carbon starvation, further points to its potential function as an alarmone. The review emphasizes the recent progress in characterizing key enzymes involved in thiamin metabolism, including transporters, thiamin pyrophosphokinase, and thiamin triphosphatase, underscoring the complexity of this biochemical pathway beyond the sole cofactor role of ThDP.

Mục lục chi tiết:

– Thiamin diphosphate in biological chemistry: new aspects of thiamin metabolism, especially triphosphate derivatives acting other than as cofactors
– Keywords
– Correspondence
– Thiamin metabolism and thiamin phosphates
– Thiamin biosynthesis and salvage
– Thiamin transport into prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
– Thiamin diphosphate biosynthesis and transport into mitochondria and peroxisomes
– Hydrolysis of thiamin diphosphate and thiamin monophosphate
– Thiamin triphosphate and its potential roles
– Enzymatic synthesis of thiamin triphosphate
– Hydrolysis of thiamin triphosphate
– Adenosine thiamin triphosphate, a new thiamin compound
– Conclusion
– Acknowledgements
– References